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INDEX

ABILITY, cannot be created, 164.

Accents, their help in reading poetry, 17, 18.

Æschylus, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 67.

Aldine edition of the British Poets, by Pickering, 23, 24.

Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, his "Friar Jerome's Beautiful Book," 87, 88.

Aldus, Alduses and Elzevirs contrasted, 23;

beauty in his work, 4;
bindings of, 100;
his characteristic book, 21;
his example followed by the Elzevirs, 22; his italic type and its effect on the size and price of books, 20, 21; Pickering and other followers of, 23, 24; vexed by misprints, 156.

Alphabet, Chinese, picture writing, 80, 81;

derivation from picture writing, 81; scientific and actual, 147;
varieties in use, 146.
See also Type.

American Journal of Psychology, contains Sanford's study on "The

relative legibility of the small letters," 122.

Arnold, Edwin, misprints in his "Light of Asia," 159.

Art, art aspect of the book, 3, 49, 115;

shares the prehistoric background of the book, 79, 80.

Artists not opposed to criticism, 62.

Assyrian clay tablet, 4.

Astor Library, size in 1875, 104.

Audubon, John James, his elephant-folio "Birds of America," 55.

Authors, reading by single authors and groups, 74-76;

spoilers of books, 40.

Authorship, rules of, 44.

BABYLONIAN book, 82.

Back numbers, unimportant contemporary works become, 77.

"Background of the book," 79-86.

Bacon, Francis, Lord, quoted, 106, 112.

Baird, John Wallace, directs Clark University studies on legibility, 124.

Ballads, Old English, Hazlitt on, 142.

Balzac, Honoré de, expanded his novels in proof, 15.

Balzac, Jean Louis Guez de, acknowledged his indebtedness to the

Elzevirs, 22.

Bamboo, source of Chinese paper, 85.

Barlow, Joel, place of his "Columbiad" in modern printing, 10.

Bartlett, John, quoted, 128.

Baskerville, John, his smooth paper, 5.

Beauty, see Esthetics.

Beecher, Henry Ward, his "Norwood" in three volumes, 12;

John Beattie Crozier on his sermons, 111.

Beethoven, his Ninth Symphony as a product of genius, 65.

Bellarmin, Cardinal, list of errata in his works, 160.

Best books, need of provision for daily reading, 107.

See also Books.

Bible, Hazlitt on its poetry, 141;

influence on Bunyan, on Calhoun, 110; misprints in, 154, 156;
various folio editions, 19.

Bible of humanity, Socrates in, 68.

Bigness, in books, 35, 36, 45, 47.

Binder, a spoiler of books, 40, 42;

what the librarian asks of him, 48.

Binding, as an element of the book, 6;

"The clothing of a book," 97-101;
of the book beautiful, 52-55;
of the Chinese book, 88, 89;
of the well-made book, 52;
"Parchment bindings," 102, 103;
unnecessary rebindings, 46.

Bion, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 68.

Birch bark, used for book of India, 85.

Bismarck, misprint concerning, 155.

Blackmore, Richard Doddridge, tribute to Shakespeare, 110.

Blue and Gold editions, a favorite book size, 24-26.

Bodoni, Giambattista, his type commended, 58, 129, 130.

Book, "The background of the book," 79-86;

"blown" books, 35;
"The book beautiful," 49-62;
"The book of to-day and the book of to-morrow," 33-37; Chinese, 84, 85, 87-91;
"The clothing of a book," 97-101;
a constructive critic of the, 38-43; elements of, 4-6;
"Fitness in book design," 9-13;
its structural contradiction, 52;
materials, 92;
of the future, 95, 96;
on its physical side an art object, 3; pre-Columbian Mexican, 6;
printed, a "substitute" for manuscript, 4; subject to laws of esthetics and economics, 115; tests of its utility, 115;
well-made, not extremely costly, 7, not identical with beautiful, 52; worth writing three times, 44.
See also Design; Size.

Book buyers, how to educate, 37;

spoilers of books, 40, 42.

Booklovers, "Books and booklovers," 3-8;

must first know books, 7;
service in improvement of books, 48, 61, 62.

Book production, 105;

elements added by printing, 14.

Books, as a librarian would like them, 44-48;

"Books and booklovers," 3-8;
the greatest, few, 66;
intellectual riffraff, 9;
learning to love, 7;
"Lest we forget the few great books," 104-114; perishable, 34, 45, 46;
progress in legibility of, 132, 133; small, commended by Dr. Johnson, 20; "The student and the library," 139-144; that are not books, 105, 106;
world's annual publication of, 105.

Books of Hours, dainty volumes, 20.

Boston Athenaeum Library, size in 1875, 104.

Boston Public Library, Address in, 3, footnote;

size in 1875, 104.

Brandes, Georg, his "Shakespeare: a critical study," 72.

Brass, used for book of India, 85.

British Poets, rival editions of, by Pickering and by Little and Brown,

23, 24.

Brown, Horatio Robert Forbes, on Aldus and his italic type, 20.

Brown, John Carter, patron of Henry Stevens, 38.

Brown University, misprint in quoting its charter, 154, 155.

Browne, Charles Farrar, adopts a misprint, 157.

Browning, Elizabeth Barrett, her "Wine of Cyprus" quoted, 67, 68.

Buchanan, George, his Latin poems, commended by Dr. Johnson, 23;

published by the Elzevirs, 23.

Bulk, in books, 92-96.

Bunyan, John, debt to the Bible, 110.

Burma, book of, see India.

Burns, Robert, Hazlitt on, 142.

Burnside, General Ambrose Everett, his limitations, 163, 164.

Burton, Sir Richard, his "Kasîdah" in Mosher's tribute typography, 137.

Bury, Richard de, author of the "Philobiblon," 8.

Byron, Lord, hated Horace, 68.

CAESURA, indication of, in print, 18.

Calhoun, John Caldwell, reader of the Bible, 110.

Calligraphy, see Manuscript.

Calvin, John, as a Puritan's spiritual nightcap, 166.

Cambridge University, student groups in, 139.

Capital letters, legibility, 121, 122, 126;

Roman in origin, 118;
Roman, superior to black-letter in combination, 57; undersized, used by Aldus, 21.

Carlyle, Thomas, on Goethe, 110;

rewrote his books in proof, 15.

Caslon type, commended, 58, 117.

Catchwords, usage of Aldus, 21.

Cattell, James McKeen, his investigations of legibility, 121, 122.

Cave men, pictures made by them, 79, 80.

Centaur type, commended, 132.

Century Dictionary, illustration of cerastes, 81;

a triumph of typography, 16, 135.

Century types, commended, 127, 132.

Cervantes, "Don Quixote," character and meaning of, 70, 71,

no final edition of, 11,
on reading, 143, 144,
translations of, 143, 144;
his character, 70;
later novelists indebted to, 143.

Chaucer, Geoffrey, complaint of his scribe's errors, 160, 161;

Hazlitt on, 142;
his spelling, 149.

Cheapness, see Cost.

Cheltenham type, commended, 132.

Cherokee syllabary, 146.

Children, increase of near sight among, 120;

legibility of books for, 5, 117.

Chinese, alphabet, conventionalized picture writing, 80, 81;

book, 84, 85, 87-91.

Chiswick Press, 38, footnote;

Pickering's books printed at, 41.

Christian of Lubeck, letter of Erasmus to, quoted, 166.

Cicero, did not write for children, 68.

Clark University, studies on legibility, 124-127, 132.

Classroom, not equal to a good book, 140.

Clay tablet, and booklovers, 4;

described, 82.

Clodd, Edward, on discovery of British prehistoric antiquities, 79.

Cloister Oldstyle type, commended, 132;

a safe norm for poetry, 58.

Cloth, used in binding, 53.

"Clothing of a book," 97-101.

Codex, Roman, form adopted for parchment books, 84;

original of modern book form, 19, 52, 90.

Collins, Wilkie, tribute to "Robinson Crusoe," 110.

Color, use of, 60.

Columbian type, first used in Barlow's "Columbiad," 10.

Columns, in wide pages, 47.

Community, value of reading to the, 28, 29.

Compactness and legibility, 117, 130, 131, 134, 135.

Compositor, a spoiler of books, 40, 41.

"Constructive critic of the book," 38-43.

Consumers, see Book buyers.

Contemporary writers, on reading their works, 76, 77.

Contrast of type, 16, 17.

Copperplate printing, in connection with typography, 60.

Cornell University Library, proof-sheets of the "Waverley Novels" in, 15.

Corrigenda, 152-161;

lists of, 159, 160.

Cost, the book of to-morrow will be cheaper, 36;

cheapened books, 45;
of beautiful books little more than of unsightly, 39; relatively small, of well-made books, 7.

Cowper, William, Hazlitt on, 142.

Crabbe, George, a favorite edition of, 24.

Criticism, "A constructive critic of the book," 38-43;

not opposed by artists, 62.

Crozier, John Beattie, on reading, 111, 112.

Culture cannot be vicarious, 140.

DANA, JOHN COTTON, his analysis of the elements of the book, 4.

Dante, his "Divine Comedy," character of, 69, 70, 144;

"fly's-eye" edition of, 55;
Hazlitt on, 141;
privilege of reading, 64;
Professor Torrey on reading, 109.

Decoration, in bindings, 6, 99-101;

use of color in, 60.

Defoe, Daniel, tribute of Wilkie Collins to "Robinson Crusoe," 110.

Democratization of learning, by the cheap books of Aldus, 21.

De Morgan, William, quoted, 63, 72;

value of his novels, 77.

De Quincey, Thomas, on possible amount of reading in a lifetime, 105.

Design, "Fitness in book design," 9-13;

of type, 5, 117, 118.

Diagonal of page, 57.

Dickens, Charles, his works in illegible print, 130,

on Oxford India paper, 94,
on thick paper, 95;
on reading him, 143.

Dickinson, Emily, quoted, 30, 31.

Didot, Ambrose Firmin, his "microscopic" type, 131.

Discovery of a great book, 108, 109.

Distinctions, to the eye, in manuscript and print, 16-18.

Don Quixote, see Cervantes.

Dordogne, France, its prehistoric pictures, 79, 80.

Dowden, Edward, his "Shakspere: his mind and art," 72.

Dryden, John, Hazlitt on, 142.

ECONOMICS, the book within the domain of, 115, 116.

Edges, treatment of, 61.

Edison, Thomas Alva, would substitute nickel for paper, 92, footnote.

Editions de luxe, disapproved by Henry Stevens, 39.

Education, in appreciation of beautiful books, 50;

of book buyers, 37.

Efficiency, in modern life, 162;

of the book, 115.

Egyptian, book, see Papyrus;

hieroglyphics, picture writing, 81.

Elements of the book, 4-6.

Elimination, test of, applied to reading, 63, 64.

Eliot, Charles William, his Latin signature, 102, 103.

Elzevirs, compared with Aldines, 23,

with Blue and Gold editions, 25; described, 21-23.

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, his life and works, 75, 76;

importance of his works, 112;
John Beattie Crozier on, 112;
quoted, 144.

Encyclopædia Britannica, in its two sizes of type, 135.

English, alphabets, 117, 118;

book publication in 1913, 105;
books, criticised, 38-43;
literature as affected by reformed spelling, 149; poets, Hazlitt's Lectures on, 141, 142; romancers, of the 18th century, 143; spelling, 145-151.

Engravings, see Illustrations.

Erasmus, Desiderius, letter to Christian of Lubeck, quoted, 166.

Errata, 152-161;

lists of, 159, 160.

Errors of the press, 152-161.

Essays, in a favorite book size, 24.

Esthetics, beauty in typography, 136-138;

"The book beautiful," 49-62;
the book subject to the laws of, 115; harmony between beauty and use in type design, 132; in choice of type, 127, 131;
involves sacrifice of utility, 116; its demands must be met in a favorite book, 24, met by the Little Classic editions, 26; of the book, 3, 9;
printer's duty, to, 18;
relation of thickness and thinness to, 23, 24; sacrificed to legibility, 117.

Etymology in spelling, 148.

Eumenes II, originates parchment, 83, 84.

Euripides, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 68.

Everyman's Library, in a favorite book size, 24.

Eves, binders, their work, 100.

"Exceptions to the rule of legibility," 134-138, 130, 131.

Expression in typography, 9-13, 137, 138.

Eyes, see Sight.

F, the letter, origin and derivatives, 81.

Fairy Queen, see Spenser, Edmund.

"Favorite book sizes," 19-27.

Favorite literature, in appropriate typography, 137.

Fielding, Henry, a favorite edition of, 24;

on reading him, 143;
an unattractive edition of, 12.

Fields, Annie Adams, her "Beacon Biography" of Hawthorne, 75.

Finishing, see Binding.

Fitness, between illustrations and type, 6;

in book design, 9-13;
in typography, 137, 138.

Fitzgerald, Edward, at Cambridge University, 139.

Forethought, "A secret of personal power," 162-167.

Forewilling, "A secret of personal power," 162-167.

Format, see Size.

Forwarding, see Binding.

Franklin, Benjamin, quoted, 35, 123.

French, alphabet, 147;

book publication in 1913, 105;
type, faults of, 117, 120, 128.

Frowde, Henry, publishes "The Periodical" in form of a Chinese book, 88,

90.

GALILEO, acknowledged his indebtedness to the Elzevirs, 22.

Garfield, James Abram, recommends reading of fiction, 107.

Gems, in bindings, 6.

Genius, its bad spelling, 150, 151;

its monuments in the various arts, 65.

German, book publication in 1913, 105;

spelling reform, 147, 148, 150;
tribute typography, 137;
type, faults of, 117, 122, 128.

Ghost words, 158, 159.

Gilding, see Binding; Edges.

Gladstone, William Ewart, a literary blunder of, 152, 153.

Goethe, Carlyle on, 110;

his greatness, 73;
John Beattie Crozier on, 112;
on Sir Walter Scott, 110.

Goffered edges, 61.

Goudy, Frederic W., his Kennerley type commended, 132.

Grace before reading, 77.

Grammar of book manufacture, 40, 42.

Grant, Ulysses Simpson, his coat of arms, 30;

his greatness brought out by responsibility, 163.

Gray, Thomas, small bulk of his work, 69.

"Great books, Lest we forget the few," 104-114.

Greek literature, masterpieces of, 66-68.

Greeks, surpassed by moderns in knowledge, 30.

Green, John Richard, quoted, 50.

Grolier, Jean, bindings made for, 100.

Groups, reading authors by, 74, 75.

Guide, in reading, 140-142;

none to love of books, 7.

Guidi, Carlo Alessandro, killed by misprints, 156.

HABIT, and forethought, 165.

Haggard, Rider, his "Mr. Meeson's Will," 86.

Hallam, Arthur Henry, at Cambridge University, 139.

Handwriting, see Manuscript.

Harte, Francis Bret, on reading his works, 143.

Harvard University, course in printing, 43;

Library possesses manuscript of Shelley's "Skylark," 158; size of Library in 1875, 104.

Hawthorne, Nathaniel, on reading him, 74, 75.

Hay, John, his reading in college, 139;

a remarkable misprint in his "Poems," 159.

Hazlitt, William, as a guide in reading, 141, 142;

Lamb and Stevenson on, 141.

Headlines, Henry D. Lloyd on, 132.

"Hibbert Journal," bulkiness of, 95.

Hieroglyphics, see Picture writing.

Higginson, Thomas Wentworth, his life of Longfellow, 75.

Holmes, Oliver Wendell, the Blue and Gold edition of his "Poems," 24, 25;

his life of Emerson, 75;
member of New England group of authors, 75; a misprint in his "Works," 159;
quoted, 24, 80, 102, 106.

Holt, Henry, on simplified spelling, 147, footnote.

Homer, did not write for children, 68;

Hazlitt on, 141;
his works, 64, 66, 67;
Keats's sonnet on, 108, 109;
not out of date, 77;
why his works are divided into books, 83.

Horace, hated by Byron, 68;

his works, 69;
in Bodoni's 1791 edition, 129, 130; more modern than the Puritans, 69, than Dante, 70.

Houghton, Mifflin and Company, publish books resembling Chinese, 87, 88.

Hours, books of, dainty volumes, 20.

House of Representatives Library, size in 1875, 104.

Hudson, Henry Norman, his edition of Shakespeare, 71, 72.

Huey, Edmund Burke, his "Psychology and pedagogy of reading," commended,

124.

Hull, Mass., as misprinted, 154.

Humanistic type, see New Humanistic.

Hunt, Leigh, his characterization of the "Divine Comedy," 70.

I, the letter, discussions regarding its dot, 61.

"Idler," a favorite edition of, 24.

Illumination, 51;

indication of initials for, 21.

Illustration, as a feature of the book, 6;

of the book beautiful, 60.

"Imitatio Christi," in Updike's specimen pages, 136.

Incunabula, relatively cheap, 49.

Indecency in misprints, 155, 156.

Indenting, as affecting the book beautiful, 59.

"Independent," compactly printed, 95.

India, book of, 85, 86.

Individual, value of reading to, 29-32.

Initials, colored, 60;

spacing and mitering of, 59.

Ink, best for the eye, 116, 120;

blue, for legibility, 5;
an element of the book, 5;
maker, a spoiler of books, 40, 42.

Interpretative typography, 9-13, 137, 138.

"Interpreter of meaning, Print as an," 14-18.

Invention, in book production, 33, 34.

Irving, Washington, book design in editions of his "Knickerbocker," 10, 11;

unfortunate use of his "Sketch Book" as a school book, 68, 69.

Italic type, invention and use by Aldus, 20, 21.

Italy, annual book publication, 105.

JAPAN, annual book publication, 105.

Javal, Dr. Émile, his investigations of legibility, 120, 121, 123.

Jenson, Nicholas, beauty and grandeur in his work, 4;

descendants of his types, 132;
facsimile page of, frontispiece.

Johnson, Rossiter, his Little Classic editions described, 25, 26.

Johnson, Dr. Samuel, commends small books, 20, 22, 23;

a favorite edition of his "Idler," 24; his "Prayers" in tribute typography, 136; on our knowledge of ancient Britain, 79.

Josephus, Flavius, book form inappropriate to, 50.

Justification, requirements of, 58, 59.

Justinian, facsimile page of his "Digestum novum," frontispiece.

KEATS, JOHN, folio inappropriate to, 50;

inappropriate Forman edition of, 11; "On first looking into Chapman's Homer," 108, 109; small bulk of his work, 69.

Kelmscott Press, see Morris, William.

Kennerley type, commended, 132.

Kipling, Rudyard, on reading him, 143.

"Knickerbocker," Irving's, book design in editions of, 10, 11.

Knowledge, necessary to success in life, 30;

obtainable in its fulness only through books, 30; progress possible only in, 29, 30.

Kuran, sources from which it was compiled, 86.

LAMB, CHARLES, on grace before reading, 77;

on Hazlitt, 141.

Large-paper copies, condemned, 56, 131.

Latin literature, masterpieces of, 68, 69.

Leadership developed under stress, 163.

Leading, as affecting legibility, 120;

as affecting spacing, 58, 59.

Leather, employment in binding, 52-54.

Le Gascon, binder, his work, 100.

Legend, of pictures, proper place of, 60.

Legibility, elements of the book as related to, 116-118;

"Exceptions to the rule of legibility," 130, 131, 134-138; influence on, of paper, type, and ink, 5; "Types and eyes: The problem," 120-127, ---- "Progress," 128-133.

Leland, Charles Godfrey, on forethought, 166.

Length of line, 117.

Lenox, James, mortified by a misprint, 156;

patron of Henry Stevens, 38;
"Recollections of," by Stevens, 38, footnote.

Le Sage, Alain René, his "Gil Blas," 143.

"Lest we forget the few great books," 104-114.

Letters, see Capital letters;

Manuscript;
Minuscules;
Silent letters;
Type.

Lewes, George Henry, a misprint in one of his works, 158.

Librarians, "Books as a librarian would like them," 44-48;

a duty to their successors, 103;
meeting of British, in 1882, 38.

Libraries, as affected by spelling reform, 150;

development in the United States since 1875, 104; electrical batteries of power, 30; put to needless expense for big books, 36, for rebindings, 46;
"The student and the library," 139-144.

Library Company of Philadelphia, size of library in 1875, 104.

Library hand, Bodoni's italic resembles, 130.

Library of Congress, size in 1875, 104.

Lightness, in books, deceptive, 93, 94.

Lincoln, Abraham, his greatness brought by responsibility, 163.

Lincoln cent, lettering on, 134.

Line, endings should not show too many hyphens, 59;

normal length for legibility, 117.

Linnaeus, quoted, 33.

Linotype, gives a turned line, 153.

Literature, the book beautiful of service to, 62;

its treasures, 63-78;
print a contribution to, 15;
type appropriate to, 136-138.

Little and Brown, publishers, their "British Poets" compared with

Pickering's "Aldines," 24.

Little Classic editions, 20, 25, 26.

Littré, Émile, typography of his "Dictionnaire," 135.

Lloyd, Henry Demarest, on headlines, quoted, 132.

Locker-Lampson, Frederick, inappropriate edition of his "My

Confidences," 12.

London Registrar General, misprint, 155.

Longfellow, Henry Wadsworth, book design appropriate to his "Works," 11;

his "Michael Angelo," 87;
his sonnets on Dante, 70;
holiday edition of his "Skeleton in Armor," 137; "Life," appropriate edition of, 12; quoted, 68.

Lowell, James Russell, member of New England group of authors, 75.

MACAULAY, THOMAS BABINGTON, knew "Paradise Lost" by heart, 73.

McClellan, General George Brinton, his limitations, 163.

Malherbe, François, welcomes a misprint, 157.

Mammoth, picture of, a prehistoric book, 79.

Manuscript, chief difference from print, 14;

distinctions in, 16;
importance to bookmaking, 51;
limitations of, 16;
Ruskin on, 51;
still used in private records, 15. See also Papyrus; Parchment.

Margin, size and proportions of, 56, 57.

Marriage service, misprint in, 154.

Material of the book, changed twice in two thousand years, 92.

Materials of writing, 86.

Mather, Cotton, list of errata in his "Magnalia," 160.

Mathews, William, as an author, 63;

his memory of choice passages, 63; on reading ten pages a day, 108.

Maxim, Sir Hiram, quoted, 92.

"Meaning, Print as an interpreter of," 14-18.

Mearne, Samuel, binder, 100.

Memory, Erasmus on art of strengthening, 166, 167;

value of a well-stored, 63.

"Men of the Time," famous misprint in, 153, 154.

Ménage, Gilles, acknowledged his indebtedness to the Elzevirs, 22.

Mexican book, pre-Columbian, ornamented, 6;

described, 85, 86;
picture writing of, 81.

Michelangelo, his "Moses" as a product of genius, 65.

Milton, John, debt of Daniel Webster to, 110;

gave metric hints by spelling, 18; Hazlitt on, 142;
his greatness, 72, 73;
his spelling, 149, 150;
Lamb would say grace before reading, 77; a misprint in "Samson Agonistes," 159; on the deprivation caused by his blindness, 63, 64; a spelling reformer, 149.

Minuscules, legibility, 122-124, 126;

of late origin, 118.

Misprints, "The perversities of type," 152-161.

Montaigne, "Journal of his travels," in three volumes, 12.

Morgan, Lloyd, cited, 87.

Morris, William, as printer, 33, 34;

confesses faults of ignorance in book making, 50; his Kelmscott editions, "tribute typography," 137; on shape of dot of i, 61;
on types, 5, 129, 130.

Mosher, Thomas Bird, his "tribute typography," 137.

Motteux, Peter Anthony, his translation of "Don Quixote," 144.

Moulton, Charles Wells, "Library of Literary Criticism," its attractive

book design, 13.

NAMES, place of, in development of the alphabet, 81.

Near sight, 120, 130.

Necker, Jacques, student's blunder concerning, 154.

New England, its communities of readers, 28, 29;

its group of authors, 75, 76.

New Humanistic type, commended, 138;

special form of a, 123.

New York Mercantile Library, size in 1875, 104.

Newspapers, extraordinary development of speed and cheapness in, 14;

legibility, 5, 117, 132, 133;
opponents of spelling reform, 145; place in reading, 106.

Newton, Sir Isaac, quoted, 144.

Nickel, as a substitute for paper, 92, footnote.

Novels, in a favorite book size, 24;

in illegible type, 130;
on reading, 107;
three-volume, 12;
typical book of to-day, 35.

"Nuremberg Chronicle," a characteristic folio, 19.

OCULIST'S tests of legibility, 120.

Ormsby, John, his translation of "Don Quixote," 144.

Ornamentation, in bindings, 6, 53, 100, 101;

in type, 121.

"Orthographic reform," 145-151.

Ossian, Hazlitt on, 141.

Owen, Robert, a famous misprint concerning, 153.

"Oxford Book of English Verse," thin-paper edition preferred, 95.

"Oxford English Dictionary," corrects a misprint, 158;

its typography, 135.

Oxford India paper, 92, 94, 95;

miniature editions on, 131, 132.

Oxford students cause a misprint in the marriage service, 154.

Oxford University Press, reward for misprints, 156.

PAGE, proportions of, 4, 42, 55-57.

Palm leaves, used for book of India, 85.

Pannartz and Sweynheym, grandeur in their work, 4.

Paper, best for the eye, 116, 120;

buff tinted, for legibility, 5, 6; determines the expression of the book, 4, 5; introduced into Europe, 84;
of the book beautiful, 54;
of the Chinese book, 88-90;
"Thick paper and thin," 92-96;
three elements of, 5.

Papermaker, a spoiler of books, 40, 42.

Papyrus roll, and booklovers, 4;

described, 82-84.

Parchment, origin, 83, 84;

"Parchment bindings," 102, 103;
parchment book and booklovers, 4.

Payne, Roger, binder, 100.

Peacock, Thomas Love, his novels in thick and thin paper, 94, 95.

Peel, Sir Robert, misprint concerning, 155.

Penmanship, see Manuscript.

Pergamum, origin of parchment in, 83, 84.

"Periodical, The," resembles a Chinese book, 88, 90.

"Personal power, A secret of," 162-167.

"Perversities of type," 152-161.

Philadelphia Mercantile Library, size in 1875, 104.

"Philobiblon," by Richard de Bury, significance of the title, 8.

Photogravures, in connection with type, 6.

Pickering, William, a disciple of Aldus, 23;

his characteristic books, 23, 24,
compared with Little and Brown's "British Poets," 24, their predecessors, contemporaries, and successors, 24; his "diamond classics" on large paper, 131, 132; method of book design, 41;
publisher, 38.

Picture writing, 80, 81.

Pictures, earliest books were, 79-81.

See also Illustrations.

Pillow, General Gideon Johnson, misprints concerning, 157.

Pindar, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 68.

Plato, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 68;

contributor to Bible of humanity, 68; riches of, 68.

Pocket editions, 22, 23.

Poe, Edgar Allan, quoted, 28, 152, 158;

small bulk of his poetry, 69.

Poetry, Hazlitt on, 141, 142;

print as an interpreter of its meaning, 17, 18; type appropriate to, 137, 138.

Pope, Alexander, a ghost word referred to him, 158, 159;

Hazlitt on, 142.

Possessions, distinguished from Property, 31, 32.

"Power, A secret of personal," 162-167.

Powers of leadership developed under stress, 163.

Pre-Columbian book, see Mexican.

Prehistoric background of the book, 79-81.

Press, errors of, 152-161.

Pressman, a spoiler of books, 40-42.

Presswork, requirements of, 58.

Prices, as affected by italic, 20,

by the small books of the Elzevirs, 22; fancy, what they mean, 7;
of choice books compared with those of other art objects, 49; of choice books not excessive, 7.

"Print as an interpreter of meaning," 14-18.

See also Typography.

Printer, as affected by spelling reform, 150;

a spoiler of books, 40, 41;
what the librarian asks of him, 47, 48.

Printer's errors, 152-161.

Printing, added only speed and cheapness to book production, 14;

distinctions to the eye in, 16-18; of Chinese books, 88;
"Printing problems for science to solve," 115-119; would be benefited by contemporary calligraphy, 51. See also Typography.

Privilege of the reader, 63-78.

"Problems, Printing, for science to solve," 115-119.

Progress, possible only in the field of knowledge, 29, 30.

Proof, authors' additions in, 15.

Proofreader, requirements of, 58;

a spoiler of books, 40, 41.

Property, distinguished from Possessions, 31, 32.

Proportions of the page, 4, 42, 55-57.

Prosody, see Poetry.

Public, value of reading to the, 28, 29.

Publication of books for 1913, 105.

Publisher, librarian's grievance against the, 45-47;

a spoiler of books, 40, 41.

Punctuation, and legibility, 121;

in poetry, 17-18.

Puritans, less modern than Horace, 69;

a Puritan's devotion to Calvin, 166; Shakespeare best reading for, 72.

Putnam, George Haven, on the Elzevirs, 22.

RAPID reading, 14-17.

Rare books, relatively cheap, 49.

Readable print, see Legibility.

"Reader's high privilege," 63-78.

Reading, aid of print to, 14, 17;

amount possible in a lifetime, 105; Erasmus on art of, 166;
John Beattie Crozier on, 111, 112; "Lest we forget the few great books," 104-114; means intellectual effort, 74;
of contemporaries, 76, 77;
results of ten pages a day, 108;
"The student and the library," 139-144; systematic, 74-76;
true end and aim of, 78;
value, to the public and to the individual, 28-32; when travelling, 22, 23.

Reading aloud, print as an aid to, 17, 18.

Rebindings, costly, unnecessary, 46.

Rebus, place in development of alphabet, 81.

Reference books, 135;

effective typography of, 16, 17.

Reformed spelling, 145-151.

Registration, requirements of, 59.

Rembrandt, his drawing of the elephant, 80;

his "School of Anatomy," as a product of genius, 65.

Reprinting of perishable records, 46.

Responsibility, a stimulus to greatness, 163.

"Respublicæ Variæ," published by the Elzevirs, described, 22, 23.

"Rhetoricorum ad C. Herennium Libri IIII," the Aldus edition of 1546

described, 21.

Roethlein, Barbara Elizabeth, on "The relative legibility of different

faces of printing types," 124-127.

Rogers, Bruce, his Centaur type commended, 132.

Roll, see Papyrus.

Roman alphabet, see Alphabet.

Roman codex, see Codex.

Roman literature, masterpieces of, 68, 69.

Romance literatures, 144.

Romans, surpassed by moderns in knowledge, 30.

Royal octavo, pitfall of the book designer, 12, 13.

Ruskin, John, editions of his works contrasted, 13;

on manuscript books, 51;
on reading Sir Walter Scott, 109.

Russia, annual book publication, 105;

illiterate communities of, 28, 29.

SANBORN, FRANKLIN BENJAMIN, his "Beacon Biography" of Longfellow, 75.

Sanford, Edmund Clark, on "The relative legibility of the small

letters," 122-124.

Scaliger, Julius Caesar, his learning, 106.

Schiller, cited, 52.

School books, misfortune of treating classics as such, 68, 69;

type in, 5, 117.

School children, increase of near sight among, 120.

School of typography, proposed by Henry Stevens, 40-43.

Science, "Printing problems for science to solve," 115-119.

Scott, Sir Walter, alterations in the proof-sheets of his "Waverley

Novels," 15;
a ghost word in his "Monastery," 158; Goethe on, 110;
Ruskin on, 109.

"Secret of personal power," 162-167.

Sequoyah, his Cherokee syllabary, 146.

Serifs, necessary to prevent irradiation, 123;

source of confusion in types, 123, 124.

Shakespeare, William, "Hamlet" preferred in youth, 111;

Hazlitt on, 142;
his "Apocrypha," on thin paper, 95; his character and greatness, 70-73; Lamb would say grace before reading, 77; "Lear" preferred in old age, 111;
misprints in his works, 157;
privilege of reading, 64, 71, 72;
quoted, 9, 54;
reading, 77;
the spelling of his works, 149, 150; tribute of Blackmore to, 110.

Shelley, Percy Bysshe, an editor's error in his "Skylark," 157, 158;

inappropriate Forman edition of, 11; read by young men, 111.

Shelton, Thomas, his translation of "Don Quixote," 144.

Sight, relation of the elements of the book to, 5, 6, 116-119;

"Types and eyes: The problem," 120-127, ---- "Progress," 128-133.

Sign language, 80.

Silent letters, cost to English world, 147.

Size, determines expression of the book, 4;

"Favorite book sizes," 19-27;
of books preferred by librarian, 47; of letters and legibility, 134, 135; question of an ideal size of type, 117; standardization of book sizes, 26, 27. See also Bigness; Thickness; Thinness.

Skeat, Walter William, on ghost words, 158.

Smirke, Robert, illustrator of Barlow's "Columbiad," 10.

Smollett, Tobias George, on reading him, 143.

Society of Printers, address under its auspices, 3, note.

Socrates, in a Bible of humanity, 68.

Sophocles, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 67, 68.

Southey, Robert, a favorite edition of, 24.

Spacing, between words, 121;

of letters in words, 120.

Spain, illiterate communities of, 28, 29.

Spanish, language, 144;

spelling, 147.

Spectacles, a measure of civilization, 120.

Spedding, James, at Cambridge University, 139.

Spelling, Milton gave metric hints by, 18;

"Orthographic reform," 145-151.

Spenser, Edmund, Hazlitt on, 142;

his spelling, 149;
Lamb would say grace before reading the "Fairy Queen," 77; Milton's spiritual kinship to, 72.

Standardization of book sizes, 26, 27.

Sterne, Laurence, a favorite edition of, 24.

Stevens, Henry, "A constructive critic of the book," 38-43;

detects a misprint, 156;
his "My English library," 39;
his "Recollections of Mr. James Lenox," 38, footnote.

Stevenson, Robert Louis, on Hazlitt, 141.

Stoddard, Richard Henry, on Cervantes and Shakespeare, 70.

Storage of books, see Bigness, Thickness, Thinness.

Strassburg Cathedral, as a product of genius, 65.

"Student, The, and the Library," 139-144.

Study, art of, 166, 167.

Success, won by knowledge, 30.

Swedish spelling, 148.

Sweynheym and Pannartz, grandeur in their work, 4.

TASTE, see Esthetics.

Tauchnitz editions, compared with Little Classic editions, 26.

Tennyson, Alfred, and his brothers at Cambridge University, 139;

inappropriate edition of his "Life," 11; a novel reader, 107.

Tests, of the utility of the book, 115;

of type, 120-127.

Thackeray, William Makepeace, at Cambridge University, 139;

on reading him, 143;
quoted, 11;
works in illegible print, 130.

Theocritus, as characterized by Mrs. Browning, 68.

Thickness, in books, esthetic effect of, 23, 25;

"Thick paper and thin," 92-96.

Thinness, in books, esthetic effect of, 23;

"Thick paper and thin," 92-96.

Thompson, Francis, indicated caesura by an asterisk, 18.

Thomson, James, Hazlitt on, 142.

Thoreau, Henry David, member of the New England group of authors, 75, 76.

Thou, Jacques Auguste de, binding made for, 100.

Title-page, problems of, 59.

Torrey, Joseph, on reading Dante, 109, 110.

Translations of "Don Quixote," 143, 144.

Tribute typography, 9-13, 136, 137.

Type, aims in its design, 5, 117, 118;

Chinese, 80;
contrast of, 16, 17;
"Exceptions to the rule of legibility," 130, 131, 135-138; faults of German and French, 117;
in relation to the book beautiful, 57-59, 61; page, 56, 57;
"Perversities of type," 152-161;
reform of, 118;
"Types and eyes: The problem," 120-127, ---- "Progress," 128-133.
See also Italic; Page.

Typewriting, a form of print, 15.

Typography, primarily a reduction of cost, 115;

school of, proposed by Henry Stevens, 40-43; tribute typography, 9-13, 136, 137; a triumph of, 16.
See also Print.

UNITED STATES, annual book publication, 105;

library development since 1875, 104.

Updike, Daniel Berkeley, his comic edition of Irving's "Knickerbocker,"

10, 11;
his specimen pages of the "Imitatio Christi," 136.

"VALUE of reading, to the public and to the individual," 28-32.

Values, two great classes, 31, 32.

Vergil, Dante's master, 69;

did not write for children, 68;
his Aeneid, 69;
scanty punctuation in earliest manuscript of, 17.

Verse, see Poetry.

Vision, see Sight.

WARD, ARTEMUS, pseudonym, adopts a misprint, 157.

Webster, Daniel, debt to Milton, 110.

Webster, Noah, his "Collegiate Dictionary" on thin paper preferred, 95;

his "Unabridged Dictionary" on large paper, 131.

Wendell, Barrett, on Barlow's "Columbiad," 10.

Wheatley, Henry Benjamin, on "Literary blunders," 156, 157.

Whitman, Walt, on the world's greatest books, 113, 114.

Whittier, John Greenleaf, member of New England group of authors, 75.

Whittingham, Charles, method of book design, 41;

printer, 38.

"Who spoils our new English books?" by Henry Stevens, 38.

Wilberforce, Samuel, Bishop of Oxford, a famous misprint concerning,

153, 154.

Wordsworth, Dorothy, on favorite books, 3.

Wordsworth, William, a favorite edition of, 24;

read by old men, 111.

World Almanac, commended, 130, 131.

Writing, see Authorship; Manuscript; Materials.

XENOPHON, contributor to a Bible of humanity, 68;

did not write for children, 68.

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